History of computer

a.      How did early people calculate?

In early days, there were no facilities to count and calculate. At that time people used different means to count in informal ways such as using pebbles, drawing lines, scratching on walls etc.

b.      Why is Charles Babbage known as father of computer science?

Charles Babbage is known as the father of computer science because he gave the basic concept of computer in his Analytical engine.

c.       Write the feature of Mark-I.

The feature of Mark-I are:

-          It used 18000 vacuum tubes.

-          It consisted seven Lakh and fifty thousand parts.

-          It was 51 feet long, 8 feet height and 3 feet wide.

-          It consumed huge amount of electricity.

d.      Write any two inventions of electronic era of computer.

The two inventions of electronic era of computer are:

-          ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator)

-          EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer) etc.

e.       Draw the figure of Abacus showing its parts.

g.      Write the different between mechanical and electromechanical era of computer.

	Mechanical era		Electromechanical era
1.	In this era several mechanical devices were used for the purpose of counting and computing manually.	1.	In this era electrical and mechanical components were used to counting and computing .
2.	In this era electricity is not required to operate machine	2.	In this era electricity is required
3.		3.

h.      Write the major parts with their functions of analytical engine.

	Parts	Functions
1.	Punched Card	To input data and instructions.
2.	Mill	To perform basic mathematical computations
3.	Mechanical memory unit	To store data and instructions
4.	Gears and Shafts	To control and transfer data between Mill and storage sections
5.	Suitable Output device	To output information

i.        Write short notes on the history of computer in Nepal.

Computer was firstly introduced in Nepal in 1972 A.D. It was IBM 1401. At that time His Majesty Government brought IBM 1401 computer on rent of 1 Lakh and 25 thousand per month to process census data of 2028 B.S. Then in 2031 B.S. a center for electronic data processing later renamed to National computer center (NCC) was established for national data processing and computer training. Then in 2038 B.S. ICL 2950/10 (Fourth generation computer) was brought from England to process the census data. In 2039 B.S. microcomputer such as Apple, Vector, and Sins etc. were imported by private companies and individuals.

Now a days, computer with faster processing and large storage are found cheaply in Nepalese market students are given computer education from school Level. At present computer Association of Nepal (CAN) is the governing body of Nepal.